Type I: Closed Rational System Models

All of these theorists portray organziations as "tools to achieve preset ends" and largely ignore the impact of the environment (Scott p. 101).

Social Psychological Level
Scientific management (Taylor) assumes the organizational goals are known, tasks are repetitive, etc.

Early Herbert Simon (1945) also ignored the environment somewhat.

Structural Level

Administrative theorists like Fayol (1919) also assume a master plan is known before structure is developed.

Finally, Weber (1967) theory of bureaucracy is also closed by formally separating the home from work life, and distancing the impact of outside forces.