Baran, B. (1987). "The technological transformation of white-collar work: a case study of the insurance industry" in H. I. Hartman. Computer Chips and Paper Clips. Washington DC, National Academy Press.

• multifunction job replacing narrow skilled jobs from the past
• skilled clerks replace unskilled clerks and professionals
• nature of product determines how technology affects production

Barley, S. (1986). "Technology as an occaision for structuring: Evidence from observations of CT scanners and the social order of radiology departments." Administrative Science Quarterly, 31: 78-108.

• new technology becomes social object which transforms structure

Beniger, J. R. (1986). The Control Revolution: Technological and Economic Origins of the Information Society,. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press.

• societal control dependent on extent of information technologies
• bureaucracy/rationalization first followed by computer revolution
• increasingly regulate societal relationships through formal criteria

Bimber, B. (1994). "Three Faces of Technological Determinism" in M. R. Smith and L. Marx. Does Technology Drive History. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press.

• overreliance on efficiency productivity when assessing impact of technology
• technology relies certain forms of social practice - only one form possible
• technology drives but no specific path it will follow

Braverman, H. (1974). Labor and Monopoly Capital: The Degredation of Work in the Twentieth Century,. New York, Monthly Review Press.t

• technology deskills workers by incorporating skill into the machine

Chapnis, A. (1983). "Engineering Psychology" in M. D. Dunnette. The Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. New York, Wiley: 697-744.

• human behavior in relation to machines, tools, jobs, and work requirements
• sense channels, displays, controls, training

Cusumano, M. (1989). Japanese Automobile Industry,. Boston, Harvard University Press.

• creation of pull kanban system transformed production
• time-and-motion studies, JIT
• success but more stress, accidents, despair on the lines

Faunce, W. A. (1965). "Automation and the Division of Labor." Social Problems, 13: 147-160.

• production -- power, processing, materials handling, and control
• stages - handicraft, mechanization of energy, automated materials handling and control

Giddens, A. (1979). "Agency, Structure" in A. Giddens. Central Problems in Social Theory. Berkeley, University of California Press.

• structure and action exist and change as a result of each other
• structure evolves through time via actions of members

Hopp, W. and M. L. Spearman (1996). "1: Manufacturing in America" in. Factory Physics. Chicago, Irwin.

• history American manufacturing, scientific management

Hounshell, D. A. (1984). From the American System to Mass Production -- 1800-1932,. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press.

• history of American production (interchangeable parts to mass production)

Hutchins, E. (19XX). "The Technology of Team Navigation" in J. Galegher, R. E. Kraut and C. Egido. Intellectual Teamwork: Social and Technological Foundations of Cooperative Work. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: 191-221.

• team members form system of socially distributed computation
• how technology can help exploit the cognitive resources of the performer

Kiesler, S. and T. Finholt (1988). "The Mystery of RSI." American Psychologist, 43(12): 1004-1015.

• how social context of work can cause health problems
• arrival of computer systems disrupt work practices

Noble, D. F. (1979). "Social choice in machine design: The case of automatically controlled machine tools" in A. Zimbalist. Case Studies in the Labor Process. New York, Monthly Review Press.

• social choice has effect on which technologies are adopted
• Air Force pushed choice of NC tooling over tape systems

Orlikowski, W. J. (1991). "Integrated Information Environment or Matrix of Control? The Contradictory Implications of Information Technology." Accounting Managment and Information, 1: 9-42.

• implenting new technology at accounting firm merely reinforced existing control systems and hierarchies
• reduced choice and deskilled consultants

Orr, J. (Forthcoming). "About Copier Technicians" in. Talking About Machines: An Ethnography of a Modern Job. Ithica, NY, ILR Press.

Perin, C. (1991). "The moral fabric of the office: Panopticon Discourse and Schedule Flexibilities" in P. S. Tolbert and S. Barley. Organizations and Professions, Volume 8, Research in the Sociology of Organizations. Greenwich, CT, JAI Press.

• telecommuting not often utilized because of social conventions around being seen by the boss

Perrow, C. (1983). "The Organizational Context of Human Factors Engineering." Administrative Science Quarterly, 28: 521-541.

• technology brings higher demand, but passive monitoring brings deskilling and demotivation -- recipe for disaster
• in military technology often adopted to reinforce existing control systems
• designers don't listen to human factors engineers because mgmt doesn't reward it

Pickering, J. M. and J. King (1995). "Hardwiring Weak Ties: Interorganizational Computer-Mediated Communication, Occupational Communities, and Organizational Change." Organization Science, 6(4): 479-486.

• computer systems used to maintain external weak ties

Scarselletta, M. (Forthcoming). "The infamous lab error: education, skill, and quality in medical technician's work" in S. Barley and J. Orr. Between craft and science: technical work in US settings. Ithaca, NY, ILR Press.

• definition of skill
• how techs handle different types of errors in the lab

Smith, M. R. (1994). "Technological Determinism in American Culture" in M. R. Smith and L. Marx. Does Technology Drive History?. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press: 1-35.

• history of technological determinism
• machine instead of human condition became comparison standard

Trist, E. L. and K. W. Bamforth (1951). "Some social and psychological consequences of the longwall method of coal getting." .

• longwall technology destroyed social relations
• small, self-contained teams a better strategy

Trist, E. L. (1978). "On socio-technical systems" in W. A. Pasmore and J. J. Sherwood. Socio-technical Systems. La Jolla, CA, University Associates.

• social and technical systems optimized jointly
• general process to introduce technology into an organization

Turkle, S. (1985). The Second Self: Computers and the Human Spirit,. New York, Simon & Schuster.

• how children, teens, and adults develop relations with computers (and create on-line personas)

Zuboff, S. (1984). In the Age of the Smart Machine,. New York, Basic Books.

• how technology will affect organization is manager's choice -- to automate and deskill or to infomate and motivate